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All mail is brought to a centralize mail facility, usually called a GMF (general mail facility) or a P&DC (processing and delivery center). Mail is taken from the truck by a human and dumped onto a belt where it is examined for postage and then cancelled. Extra large items are cancelled by hand, but most items are moved around by machine via instructions listed on a barcode. Most pieces of mail end up with 2-3 barcodes on them. Mailers that want their mail to move really fast pre-barcode their mail. Pre-barcoded mail is sorted all the way down to route sequence order, all by machine. Trays of mail are then sent to the individual towns in a reverse bicycle spoke sort of design. Missorts are then corrected and the Letter Carrier delivers the mail, or Clerk sorts it to a PO Box. Delivery time for first class and priority mail is 2-3 days. Express mail is guaranteed overnight within the continental US.
Much of it is sorted by computer or machine. The zip codes or postal codes are the main identifiers, and allow workers to direct each piece of mail in the right direction. The process is actually very fast now. I have not seen it in person but I have seen film of the machines at work.
its sorted by a person who uses something. it'ss quite a fun thing to do. there are also addresses on the envelope as well and then its sent and there is a specific person that does that in the back and sort them out and then theres a person who works a machine that sorts them.
People power, put in carts roll to specific area for that zip code and the drivers postal carriers fill up their quota. Depending on pick up times it takes 3 hours from when you drop it off.
If the address is hand-written, it has to be entered into the computer before the computer can sort it. If the zip code is indicated, it is very easy to sort. My assumption is that it is done manually.
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