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MarPower
Concepts of Advanced
Marine Machinery Systems
with Low Pollution and High Efficiency
A BRITE-EURAM
Industrial & Materials Programme
Contract no .: BRRT-CT97-5042
Scope :
The scope of the MarPower is to coordinate non-EC funded activities with the objective to create innovative concepts of marine machinery systems and to have a limited number of them evaluated through theoretical analyses, simulations and experiments. This is achieved through collaboration between technical universities and industrial companies, utilising the workforce available in thesis works, when organised in a network.
The scope consequently covers not only monitoring and coordination of current research activities, but the creation of new activities made possible by pooling of the resources and establishment of a critical mass capable of handling tasks of htgh complexity.
Expected results are .:
The launching of industrial development and demonstration of RTD projects
Theoretically attainable energy efficiency and emissions figures as reference values for planning and funding of further research and development.
Identification...
A data base for monitoring and comparative assessment of international state-of the art and indentification of technological gaps.
A strengthening of the European education within marine power systems technology
Program Outline
A total of 20 participants from 8 countries are taking part in a study on concepts of advanced marine machinery for a four years period. EU contribution: 700 kECU. Contract start date: 01.12.1997.
The participants are of the following categories :
Technical universities10 off
Manufacturing Companies5 off
Classification Societies2 off
Commercial Research Institutes2 off
Eng User of Engines1 off
A complete list of participants is available here..
The overall objective of the thematic network is to strengthen the European education and research on innovative marine machinery technology, and to strengthen the collaboration between the technical universities and the industry. This is achieved through coordination of M.Sc / Diploma theses and Dr.Ing./PhD theses at the technical universities. An interconnected set of studies are focused on a small number of promising concept ideas developed in collaboration with industrial companies and research institutes. Synergy effects should be obtained for all partners.
The technical objective is to arrive at one or more advance concepts for marine machinery, based on known technology, that may be pursued in future industrial projects. Through collaboration within the proposed MarPower programme, a few innovative concepts are defined. The concepts should have potentials to attain shaft energy of 55 - 60 % and emission of nitrogen oxides of 3 - 2 g/kWh, corresponding to 1/5 to 1/10 of the limit 17 g/kWh adopted by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) for low speed diesel engines. The power density, i.e. the power related to weight and space requirements, should be considerably higher, and the life cycle cost be similar or lower than that of the slow speed diesel engine when running on low quality marine fuel oil.
Motivation
Marine transport is the most energy efficient of all modern transport means. However, mapping has shown that the contributin to air pollution from ships increases relative to the shorebased pollution in many areas. This is particularly of concern for the majority of European countries. For the marine industry to be competitive it is important that the abatement of the pollution from ships does not lag too much behind as compared to the conditions in the energy production and transport industries on shore.
The low speed diesel engine is the dominating prime mover for ships, representing about 70% of installed power. Two out of the total of three slow speed diesel engine designs in the world are European. When all types of diesel engines for propulsion of ships is taken into account, as much as 86% of the installed pwoer in 1993 was of European manufacture, or of European design and manufactured in other countries. It is important for the European industry to defend this position through research and development. Also European desingers of gas turbines hav the ambition to compete on the m marine market.
Summary of technical options and breakdown of systems
Machinery systems based on combustion of convetinal marien duels are looked for.
I. POWER GENERATION OPTIONS, categorised according to principles of combustion and primary expanseion
Intermittent combustion in cylinder with cranked pistion (Diesel and Otto engines)
Intermittent combustion in cylinder with ballistic free piston (Pescara).
Continuous combustion in open cycle gas turbines.
Continuous combustion in Sterling engine.
Continuous combustion in steam boiler or closed gas turbine.
Intermittent or continuous combustion in air independent machines.
Other power generation options which are not based on combustion of conventional marine fuels, like fuel cells and nuclear power, are outside the scope of MarPower.
The power system options 1, 2 and 3 are considered to be the most promising in a near future, and are further dealt with.
The system options 1 - 3 may be split into process segments as follows.
II. PROCESS SEGMENTS IN POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION
Options 1 & 2:
Intermittent combustion in cylinder
Compression of air, fuel and water
Charge preparation
Ingition and combustion
Expansion and charge exchange in cylinder
Secondary expansion in gas turbine
Heat recovery from compr. and exhaust
Power take off (transmission and propulsor for recip. eng. and/or gas turb.)
Exhaust gas treatment
Option 3:
Continuous combustion in gas turbine
Compression of air, fuel and water
Charge preparation
Combustion
Gas expansion
Exhaust heat recovery (steam / hot air)
Steam or hot air expansion
Steam condensation & feed
Power take off (transmission and propulsor for gas / steam / air turbines)
For each of the power system segments there are a vaiety of alternative technological solutions that have been more or less thoroughly explored in the past. Initial evaluation of the potentials of promising combinations of system solutions, with due regard to the present availability of advanced technology within process control, materials, computational tools etc., is a topic for MarPower.
A stepwise procedure is followed in the generation of concept ideas, as described in the table below:
STAGES AND PROCESSES IN CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
Stages of Concept Development Mental and Social Processes and Prerequisites
Definition of Problem, Target and Scope Clarification. Enthusiasm. Consensus
Basic thermodynamic and chemical processes Knowledge
Innovative work cycles Ideas, creativity
Functional systems
Mechanical concepts
Control concepts
Ideas, creativity
Components, materials Knowledge
Functionality. Versatility. Manoeuvreabilty. Economy Analyses. Evalutation
The basic technology applied in today's combustion engines are to be considered, eventually in combinations with steam engines.
It is assumed that low quality fuel will probably dominate the marine market for a forseeable future. The concepts should consequently be based on conventional marine fuels, i.e. anything from gas oil to heavy fuel oil. Natural gas and coal are not necessarily excluded, but not considered to be of actuality for the majority of ship types
Manpower ?
I think it means the human resources ie number of people needed to achieve some task .
If you meant "marpower" :
Mar is also a prefix that means (sea-) as in this site :
MarPower
Concepts of Advanced
Marine Machinery Systems
with Low Pollution and High Efficiency
A BRITE-EURAM
Industrial & Materials Programme
Contract no .: BRRT-CT97-5042
http://www.marintek.sintef.no/marpower/...
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